Larian Satu Murid Satu Sukan Satu Malaysia
Verb Tense Overview with Examples
| Simple Present | Simple Past | Simple Future |
| I study English every day. | Two years ago, I studied English in England. | If you are having problems, I will helpyou study English.I am going to study English next year. |
| Present Continuous | Past Continuous | Future Continuous |
| I am studying English now. | I was studying English when you called yesterday. | I will be studyingEnglish when you arrive tonight.I am going to be studying English when you arrive tonight. |
| Present Perfect | Past Perfect | Future Perfect |
| I have studied English in several different countries. | I had studied a little English before I moved to the U.S. | I will have studiedevery tense by the time I finish this course.I am going to have studiedevery tense by the time I finish this course. |
| Present Perfect Continuous | Past Perfect Continuous | Future Perfect Continuous |
| I have been studying English for five years. | I had been studying English for five years before I moved to the U.S. | I will have been studyingEnglish for over two hours by the time you arrive.I am going to have been studying English for over two hours by the time you arrive. |
Types of Verbs
Before you begin the verb tense lessons, it is extremely important to understand that NOT all English verbs are the same. English verbs are divided into three groups: Normal Verbs, Non-Continuous Verbs, and Mixed Verbs.
Group I Normal Verbs
Most verbs are “Normal Verbs.” These verbs are usually physical actions which you can see somebody doing. These verbs can be used in all tenses.
Normal Verbs
to run, to walk, to eat, to fly, to go, to say, to touch, etc.
Examples:
I eat dinner every day.
I am eating dinner now.
Group II Non-Continuous Verbs
The second group, called “Non-Continuous Verbs,” is smaller. These verbs are usually things you cannot see somebody doing. These verbs are rarely used in continuous tenses. They include:
Abstract Verbs
to be, to want, to cost, to seem, to need, to care, to contain, to owe, to exist…
Possession Verbs
to possess, to own, to belong…
Emotion Verbs
to like, to love, to hate, to dislike, to fear, to envy, to mind…
Examples:
He is needing help now. Not Correct
He needs help now. Correct
He is wanting a drink now. Not Correct
He wants a drink now. Correct
Group III Mixed Verbs
The third group, called “Mixed Verbs,” is the smallest group. These verbs have more than one meaning. In a way, each meaning is a unique verb. Some meanings behave like “Non-Continuous Verbs,” while other meanings behave like “Normal Verbs.”
Mixed Verbs
to appear, to feel, to have, to hear, to look, to see, to weigh…
List of Mixed Verbs with Examples and Definitions:
to appear:
Donna appears confused. Non-Continuous Verb
Donna seems confused.
My favorite singer is appearing at the jazz club tonight. Normal Verb
My favorite singer is giving a performance at the jazz club tonight.
to have:
I have a dollar now. Non-Continuous Verb
I possess a dollar.
I am having fun now. Normal Verb
I am experiencing fun now.
to hear:
She hears the music. Non-Continuous Verb
She hears the music with her ears.
She is hearing voices. Normal Verb
She hears something others cannot hear. She is hearing voices in her mind.
to look:
Nancy looks tired. Non-Continuous Verb
She seems tired.
Farah is looking at the pictures. Normal Verb
She is looking with her eyes.
to miss:
John misses Sally. Non-Continuous Verb
He is sad because she is not there.
Debbie is missing her favorite TV program. Normal Verb
She is not there to see her favorite program.
to see:
I see her. Non-Continuous Verb
I see her with my eyes.
I am seeing the doctor. Normal Verb
I am visiting or consulting with a doctor. (Also used with dentist and lawyer.)
I am seeing her. Normal Verb
I am having a relationship with her.
He is seeing ghosts at night. Normal Verb
He sees something others cannot see. For example ghosts, aura, a vision of the future, etc.
to smell:
The coffee smells good. Non-Continuous Verb
The coffee has a good smell.
I am smelling the flowers. Normal Verb
I am sniffing the flowers to see what their smell is like.
to taste:
The coffee tastes good. Non-Continuous Verb
The coffee has a good taste.
I am tasting the cake. Normal Verb
I am trying the cake to see what it tastes like.
to think:
He thinks the test is easy. Non-Continuous Verb
He considers the test to be easy.
She is thinking about the question. Normal Verb
She is pondering the question, going over it in her mind.
to weigh:
The table weighs a lot. Non-Continuous Verb
The table is heavy.
She is weighing herself. Normal Verb
She is determining her weight.
Some Verbs Can Be Especially Confusing:
to be:
Joe is American. Non-Continuous Verb
Joe is an American citizen.
Joe is being very American. Normal Verb
Joe is behaving like a stereotypical American.
Joe is being very rude. Normal Verb
Joe is behaving very rudely. Usually he is not rude.
Joe is being very formal. Normal Verb
Joe is behaving very formally. Usually he is not formal.
NOTICE: Only rarely is “to be” used in a continuous form. This is most commonly done when a person is temporarily behaving badly or stereotypically. It can also be used when someone’s behavior is noticeably different.
to feel:
The massage feels great. Non-Continuous Verb
The massage has a pleasing feeling.
I don’t feel well today. Sometimes used as Non-Continuous Verb
I am a little sick.
I am not feeling well today. Sometimes used as Normal Verb
I am a little sick.
NOTICE: The second meaning of “feel” is very flexible and there is no real difference in meaning between “I don’t feel well today” and “I am not feeling well today.”
Bagaimana Bermulanya Penyembahan Berhala
Ibn ‘Abbas menyebut bahawa Wadd, Suwaa, Yaghuth, Ya’uuq dan Nasr tersebut asalnya nama orang-orang soleh di kalangan Kaum Nuh. Apabila mereka meninggal, syaitan mengilhamkan kepada Kaum Nuh agar membuat patung-patung ditempatkan dalam majlis-majlis mereka. Patung-patung tersebut dinamakan dengan nama orang-orang soleh berkenaan. Lalu Kaum Nuh pun membuatnya tanpa disembah. Sehinggalah apabila matinya jenerasi tersebut dan pengetahuan pun sudah tiada, maka patung-patung itu pun disembah.
— HR. Bukhari
Pengurusan Mayat Janin Gugur
Soalan ini secara amnya berkait dengan hukum bayi yang keguguran; apakah wajib disolatkan atau tidak? Dalam hal ini terdapat hadis dari Rasulullah s.a.w. menegaskan;
السقط يصلى عليه ويدعى لوالديه بالمغفرة والرحمة
“Bayi yang gugur (hendaklah) disolatkan ke atasnya dan didoakan untuk dua ibu-bapanya keampunan dan rahmat Allah”. (Riwayat Imam Ahmad, Abu Daud, at-Tirmizi dan al-Hakim. Hadis ini ditashihkan oleh al-Hakim dan dipersetujui oleh Imam az-Zahabi).
Hadis di atas adalah umum dan diperincikan oleh ulamak mengikut pandangan dan mazhab masing-masing. Menurut Imam al-‘Abdari; “Jika bayi yang keguguran itu belum berusia empat bulan, tidak wajib disolatkan ke atasnya tanpa khilaf di kalangan ulamak (yakni ijmak). Jika usianya mencapai empat bulan dan tidak bergerak (ketika gugurnya), tidak disolatkan ke atasnya mengikut pandangan jumhur ulamak. Mengikut Imam Ahmad dan Imam Daud; hendaklah disolatkan”. (Lihat; al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhazzab, jil. 5, hlm. 212)
Mengikut pandangan mazhab Syafi’ie; bayi atau janin yang lahir sebelum berusia enam bulan (di dalam kandungan), jika terdapat tanda-tanda hidup (seperti menangis, bergerak, bernafas atau sebagainya), hukumnya sama seperti mayat orang dewasa iaitu wajib dimandikan, dikafankan, disolatkan serta dikebumikan kerana telah diyakini bahawa kematiannya berlaku setelah ia hidup.
Jika tidak terdapat tanda-tanda hidup, maka hendaklah dilihat; jika telah kelihatan bentuk lembaga manusia (biasanya apabila janin telah berusia empat bulan atau lebih dalam kandungan), hendaklah dimandikan, dikafankan dan dikebumikan tanpa perlu disolatkan. Jika belum kelihatan bentuk lembaga manusia (biasanya apabila janin belum berusia empat bulan), maka memadai membasuhnya sahaja (untuk membersihkan dari darah), kemudian dibungkus dengan kain atau sebagainya dan ditanam. Tidak perlu dimandikan dan disolatkan.
Dalil bagi perincian mazhab Syafi’ie tersebut ialah sabda Nabi s.a.w.;
إذا استهل السقط صلى عليه وورث
“Jika bayi yang gugur bersuara atau menangis (ketika gugurnya), hendaklah disolatkan ke atasnya dan ia berhak mewarisi”. (Riwayat Imam Ibnu Majah dari Jabir r.a.).
Berdasarkan hadis ini, bayi yang keguguran jika tidak terdapat tanda-tanda hidup (seperti menangis atau bersuara sebagaimana di dalam hadis) tidaklah disolatkan. Hadis ini mengikat makna umum hadis pertama di atas. Maka hadis pertama di atas jika dipadankan dengan hadis ini, maka ia memberi maksud; “Bayi yang gugur hendaklah disolatkan ke atasnya (jika ia bersuara atau terdapat tanda-tanda hidup)….”. (Lihat tafsiran hadis ini oleh Imam al-Minawi dalam Faidhul-Qadier, hadis no. 4492).
Perincian hukum di atas adalah khusus bagi janin atau bayi yang berusia sebelum enam bulan sebagaimana dinyatakan. Adapun bayi yang telah berusia lebih enam bulan di dalam kandungan, hukumnya sama seperti orang dewasa iaitu wajib dimandikan, dikafankan, disolatkan dan dikebumikan jika ia gugur atau mati ketika dilahirkan (sama ada terdapat tanda-tanda hidup atau tidak).
Kesimpulannya, merujuk kepada soalan di atas; bayi yang berusia empat bulan di dalam kandungan jika keguguran tidak perlu disolatkan mengikut mazhab Syafi’ie. Kecualilah jika ketika gugur itu terdapat tanda-tanda hidup, maka wajiblah disolatkan. Namun hal tersebut tidak pernah kita saksikan.
Wallahu A’lam.
Tambahan;
Apa yang kita huraikan di atas adalah mengikut pandangan di kalangan ulamak-ulamak mazhab Syafi’ie. Adapun mengikut pandangan ulamak-ulamak mazhab lain;
– Menurut Imam Malik; bayi yang keguguran (yakni lahir tidak cukup bulan) tidak perlu disolatkan kecuali jika ada tanda-tanda hidup dan tanda itu hendaklah dalam tempoh yang panjang.
– Menurut Ibnu Umar r.a., Ibnu Sirin dan Imam Ahmad; hendaklah disolatkan ke atasnya sekalipun tidak bersuara (jika usianya telah sampai empat bulan).
Rujukan;
1. Al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhazzab, jil. 5, hlm. 209-212.
2. Mughni al-Muhtaj, jil. 1, hlm. 474.
3. al-Fiqh al-Manhaji, jil. 1, hlm. 264.
4. Al-Fiqhul-Islami Wa Adillatuhu, jil. 2, hlm. 506.
5. Matn al-Ghayah Wa at-Taqrib, ulasan oleh; Syeikh Majid al-Hamawi, hlm. 100-101.
6. Syarh Soheh Muslim, juz 9, kitab al-Janaiz, bab Tarki as-Solah ‘Ala al-Qatil Nafsahu.
Posted by USTAZ AHMAD ADNAN FADZIL
Doa solat istikharah
Doa Istikharah bererti:
Memohon semoga Allah menunjukkan keputusan yang terbaik untuk dilaksanakan.
Kata Jabir bin Abdullah: Rasulullah s.a.w. mengajar kami beristikharah dalam semua pekerjaan seperti baginda mengajar kami satu surah dari Al-Quran, sabdanya: “Apabila seseorang kamu mempuny
“Ya Allah, aku memohon petunjuk daripadaMu dengan ilmuMu dan aku memohon ketentuan daripadaMu dengan kekuasaanMu dan aku memohon daripadaMu akan limpah kurniaanMu yang besar. Sesungguhnya Engkau Maha Berkuasa sedangkan aku tidak berkuasa dan Engkau Maha Mengetahui sedangkan aku tidak mengetahui dan Engkaulah Yang Maha Mengetahu segala perkara yang ghaib. Ya Allah, seandainya Engkau mengetahui bahawasanya urusan ini (sebutkan..) adalah baik bagiku pada agamaku, kehidupanku dan kesudahan urusanku sama ada cepat atau lambat, takdirkanlah ia bagiku dan permudahkanlah serta berkatlah bagiku padanya da seandainya Engkau mengetahui bahawa urusan ini (sebutkan..) mendatangkan keburukan bagiku pada agamaku, kehidupanku dan kesudahan urusanku sama ada cepat atau lambat, maka jauhkanlah aku daripadanya dan takdirkanlah kebaikan untukku dalam sebarang keadaan sekalipun kemudian redhailah aku dengannya”.
(sebutkan urusan yang dimaksudkan di tempat yang bertitik).
Tidak akan menyesal sesiapa yang bertanyakan penciptanya dan berbincang dengan orang-orang mukmin kemudian berhati-hati dalam menangani persoalannya.
Allah telah berfirman:
“Dan berbincanglah dengan mereka (para sahabat) dalam urusan itu (peperangan, ekonomi, politik dll). Apabila kamu telah membulatkan tekad, bertawakallah kepada Allah”.
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